Parthenium hysterophorus Weed Fecundity and Seed Survival at Different Soil pH and Burial Conditions

Parthenium hysterophorus L. is regarded as one of the most invasive weed species. This study evaluated effect soil pH on P. hyterophorus growth and fecundity, well burial depths seed survival emergence. The first five levels (acidic, sub-acidic, neutral, sub-basic, basic) in a randomised complete block design. Seed germinability subsequent seedling (height, leaf area, biomass, number/plant) were evaluated. showed that seeds have similar germination capacity under varying conditions. However, acidic indicated accelerated (25% higher biomass with 15.2% more area) fecundity (13.4% faster to enter flowering stage at 74 days after sowing). In second study, two factors tested; (0.5, 5, 10, 20 cm) being nested into seven durations (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12 months). viability (final percentage rate index), electrical conductance, emergence assessed results only buried 0.5 cm depth (81.3% cumulative emergence). Forty per cent remained viable exhumation 0.5–5 depth, while 19–27% survived increased beyond 10 within months. for than months bank, despite deterioration increasing depth.